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Scotland: Single Woman Policy

January 21, 2014 By Correspondent

Rocío Andrés, Scotland, SSH Blog Correspondent

Via Muslim Village

It´s almost one year since Hollaback! Edinburgh conducted a survey asking young people (12-25 years-old), mostly females (85%), about their experiences of street harassment. The study aimed to answer questions like where the street harassment usually took place, what type of experience was or how they felt after the incident. The results were wandering around in my head for a few months.

On average, 60 to 85% of the respondents had been harassed by being shouted at, whistled at, told remarks about their appearance, made unconfortable by harassers being too close, told obscene gestures, touched with no consent or had their way blocked.

The consequences of such experiences had been great. For example, more than 50% of them avoided going out at certain times, more than 70% avoided specific places and 80% avoided eye contact.

In other words, street harassers transform habits and behaviours.

As a woman, you know you must dodge shortcuts or parks at night. You should not obviously be listening to your iPod and should systematically look over your shoulders every two minutes to see that no one is following you. You should cross the street if you happen to see a group of overly drunk and/or overly loud guys. And if you can’t avoid being near them, you will never look at their eyes. You just set them on the horizon or perhaps lower your head to watch your almost military pace.

They also said those experiences had made them feel sad, disgusted, scared, nervous, unsafe, embarrassed objectified, disrespected, angry and horrible.

Last Christmas a campaign promoted by Colin Keir, the Edinburgh Western MSP, indicated that things have not probably changed much this year.

Basically in response to the unsafe situation for women, TAXI and some private firms agreed on establishing a system in which women travelling alone would have preference. Even some firms were already offering a single woman policy. Of course, this is a very much appreciated gesture. You want to get home safe, not to be harassed, not to feel fragile and not to be alert, which is the same as to be anxious.

In any case, the bad guys are still around. And also, sometimes you just want to walk the streets late, so what?

All this brings me back to a recent study carried out by the University of Michigan´s Institute for Social Research on how people in Muslim countries prefer women to dress in public.

In it, you can see that people are very happy with women who are fully covering their hair, although not necessarily their face. And that leads me to Egypt, where street harassment occurs on a daily basis whether you obey the conservative norm of hijab/niqab (head covering/full face and body veil) or not and which last November was also considered the worst country in the Arab world for women.

Thus, what I think. You can veil your women, you can reserve seats exclusively for them in the bus, entire subway cars, you can tell them not to walk in the Meadows when it´s dark, you can give them a cab, keep them in a box if you want and still, street harassment happens. What´s more, even considering sexual assaults, the very truth is that, as Jacq Kelly, the chair of anti-street harassment campaign group Hollaback! Edinburgh, pointed out, any measure to protect women is welcome, however most women are assulted by someone they know.

In brief, short-term solutions often help to relieve the reality but often as well without combating the authentic issue. This is the case. Out there, women are yet vulnerable, susceptible of sexual harassment and maybe potentially more open to self-blaming – I wish I had taken that taxi…

Inevitably, the urgent need involves prevention through information-(re)education and solely by promoting public awareness campaigns and by implementing in-depth educational programmes which kill traditions, stereotypes and cultural norms, gender-based violence and, extensively, inequality will be eradicated. See some examples here.

Rocío Andrés holds a Bachelor´s degree in Audiovisual Communication, History of Art (both Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) and a Master´s in Education (Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain, 2010). She has six years experience as a TV and advertising producer.

En Español

EDIMBURGO: POLÍTICA DE “MUJER SOLA”

Va a hacer un año desde que Hollaback! Edinburgh condujera un estudio en el que se preguntaba a jóvenes (12-25 años), mayormente mujeres (85%), sobre sus experiencias de acoso sexual en la calle.

El estudio intentaba responder a preguntas como dónde el acoso tenía lugar normalmente, qué tipo de experiencia fue o cómo se sintieron después del incidente.

Los resultados se pasearon por mi cabeza durante algunos meses.

Básicamente, los ticks decían que, entre un porcentaje del 60 al 85%, las encuestadas habían sufrido acoso mediante gritos, silbidos, comentarios sobre su apariencia, gestos obscenos, cuando alguien estaba demasiado cerca, siendo tocadas sin consentimiento o porque se les había bloqueado el camino.

Las consecuencias de tales experiencias fueron también reflejadas. Por ejemplo, más del 50% evitaba salir a ciertas horas, más del 70% evitaba lugares específicos y el 80% evitaba el contacto visual.

En otras palabras, los acosadores “de calle” transforman hábitos y comportamientos.

Como mujer, sabes que debes esquivar atajos o parques por la noche. Obviamente, no deberías estar escuchando tu iPod y deberías, sistemáticamente, darte la vuelta cada dos minutos para comprobar que nadie te está siguiendo. Deberás cruzar la calle si ves a un grupo de tíos demasiado borrachos y/o haciendo demasiado ruido. Y si no puedes evitarlo, nunca les mirarás a los ojos. Miras al horizonte o, quizás, bajas la cabeza para observar tu paso, casi militar.

Dijeron también que esas experiencias les había hecho sentirse horrible, tristes, asqueadas, asustadas, nerviosas, inseguras, avergonzadas, cosificadas, irrespetadas y enfadadas.

Las navidades pasadas, una campaña promovida por Colin Keir, miembro del Parlamento Escocés, indicaba que, probablemente, las cosas no han cambiado demasiado este año.

Básicamente, TAXI y algunas compañías privadas acordaron establecer un sistema por el cual las mujeres que viajaban solas tuvieran preferencia. Incluso algunas compañías ya estaban ofreciendo esta política de “mujer sola”.

Por supuesto, se aprecia el gesto. Tú quieres llegar a casa a salvo, no ser acosada, no sentirte frágil y no estar alerta, que es lo mismo que estar nerviosa.

En cualquier caso, los tíos malos aún andan por ahí. Y, además, a veces sólo quieres caminar por la calle tarde, ¿y qué?.

Todo esto me remonta a un reciente estudio llevado a cabo por el Instituto de Investigación Social de la Universidad de Michigan sobre cómo la gente en los países musulmanes prefieren que las mujeres se vistan en público.

En él, puedes ver que la gente se siente muy feliz con mujeres que se cubren completamente el pelo, aunque no necesariamente la cara. Y esto me lleva a Egipto, donde el acoso sexual en la calle ocurre a diario tanto si obedeces las normas conservativas de hijab/niqab (cabeza cubierta/cara y cuerpo completamente velados) como si no y el cuál, el pasado Noviembre, ha sido considerado el peor país del mundo árabe para la mujer. 

Así pues, lo que pienso. Puedes ponerle velo a tus mujeres, puedes reservar asientos exclusivamente para ellas en el autobús, vagones enteros de metro, puedes decirles que no se paseen por las Meadows cuando está oscuro, puedes darles un taxi, guardarlas en una caja si quieres y, aún, el acoso en la calle sigue sucediendo. Lo que es más, incluso considerando agresiones sexuales, lo cierto es que, tal y como Jacq Kelly (jefa de campaña anti-acoso sexual en la calle del grupo Hollaback! Edinburgh) apuntaba, cualquier medida para proteger a las mujeres es bienvenida, sin embargo, la mayoría de ellas son asaltadas por alguien que conocen.

En resumen, soluciones a corto plazo a menudo ayudan a aliviar la realidad, pero, a menudo también, sin combatir el auténtico problema. Este es el caso. Ahí fuera, las mujeres son aún vulnerables, susceptibles de acoso sexual y puede que, incluso, potencialmente más abiertas a auto-culparse – ojalá hubiera cogido ese taxi…

Inevitablemente, la necesidad urgente implica prevención a través de información-(re)educación y únicamente promoviendo campañas de concienciación pública e implementando programas educativos en profundidad que maten tradiciones, estereotipos y normas culturales, la violencia de género y, más ampliamente, la desigualdad serán erradicadas. Puedes ver algunos ejemplos aquí 

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